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UNITED STATES PATENT @.rricE.

f YJEssE M. CLOCK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REFRieERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,276, dated March20, 1883. Application filed Aprnzieao. (No model.)

specification.

low cellar-oors-in order to construct a refrigerator which shallv beboth very eflicient in its cooling power and at the same time very ieconomical in the use of ice.

`elevation of the upper part.

To this end the main feature of my invention consists in a refrigeratorconstructed with an ice or cooling chamber embedded in theearth belowcellar-oors or similar situations, with an inclosed shaft or casingrising therefrom to a convenient height, preferably to the iioor above,and provided with suitable doors for access, and with a movablefood-receptacle arranged to move up and down in the same,

whereby" the receptacle may be raised to a con venient level for thereception ori-removal of provisions, and thence lowered `into the iceory cooling chamber below ,the ground, by which construction a veryefficient and economical refrigerator is produced, which is also veryconvenient in its locationiand operation.

My invention also consists in a number ot' subordinate features, ashereinafter fully set forth.

In the drawings annexed, Figure 1 presents a central vertical section ofmy improved refrigerator. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on the line :c .frof Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional front Fig. 4 is a sectional plan online y y, and Fig. 5 illustrates a detail. i

ln Fig. l, a indicates the surface of the earth, or,in the caseillustrated, represents the cellar-floor of a house, while b indicatestheside wall, and o the basement-floor. the refrigerating-chamber oressential portion of my improved refrigerator, which, according to myinvention, is sunk or embedded in the earth below the cellar-door, andis, for convenience, divided into two chambers, d e. The lower chamber,d, which is in the extreme base of the refrigerator, forms theice-chamber or the receptacle for the cooling medium, while the chambere, immediately over the ice-chamto as occasion requires.

d e indicate ber, forms the cold-air chamber, in which a movablereceptacle containing provisions or other articles to be cooled may belowered, so as to rest directly over the ice. rlhe cold-air chamberrises a little above the ground or cellar-oor, as shown in Fig. 1, andfrom the top of the cold-air chamber, which is indicated by the annularledge c', a close casing or sha-ft, g,

rises in line with the refrigerating-chambers d e, and, passing throughthe basementioor c, opensinto a closet, f, erected around the shaft uponthe basement-floor and rising to a convenient height therefrom, as fullyillustrated in Fig. 1. This closetfis provided with a convenient door,f,on its front, to permit easy aecess to the shaft and close the approachthere- Thecas-ing g is also provided with a door, g', of propersize,arranged just above the ledge c', around the top of the cold-airchamber, to admit of inserting the ice in the ice-chamber below, or ofallowing the necessary access to clean the interior or arrange itscontents, as will be readily understood. The closet f is preferably madesquare in crosssection, as seen inV Fig. 2, and

the shaft and refrigerating-chamb-er circular,

and I prefer to construct the closet of wood and the shaftandrefrigerating-chamber of brick or hydraulic cement; but any othersuitable shapes or materials may of course be adopted.

The bottom of the ice-chamber d is made slightly concave or incliningtoward the center,

from which a waste-pipe, d, is led to carry off the water resulting fromthe melting of the ice. Now, from the top of the closetf a metal hanger,i', depends and terminates` with a ring, k, as seen bestin Figs. 1 and3, in which three rods, Z, are fixed, which rods are arranged in atriangular cluster and extended centrally down throu gh the shaft g andcold-air chamber e, and are fixed at the bottom ends in a disk, m, ofmetal or hard wood, from which disk a cross, m', of four radial` armsextend and rest on an annularledge, d', whichindieates the divisionbetween the icecha-mber and cold-air chamber, as fully shown in Figs. land 4. Between and on the arms of the cross m segments n, of sheetzincor other suitable material, are placed or 'soeketed, as shown well inFigs. l and 4,' one IOO chamber or to clean the interior thereof, aswill be understood. The cross m', with its segments n, thus form apartition between the ice and cold-air chambers, while the rods l form acentral guide over which the movable food receptacle or carrierp may berun up or down, and between which is guided a counterbalanceweight, o,which is connected with the foodcarrier by cords r, running over apulley, s, at the top of the closet, as illustrated in Fig. l. Thecarrier, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, consists of a central cylinder, 2,which slides over the rods l and the top and bottom heads, 3 and 4,which arejoined at the center by the cylinder 2 and at the circumferenceby upright slats 5, the spaces between which allow of placing articlesin or removing them from the carrier, as will be understood. The carrieris preferably made of sheet metal, with the exception ofthe bottom head,which is preferably of wood perforated to allow free circulation of thecold air, and one or more shelves of perforated wood or metal may beplaced in brackets 6, projecting from the slats 5, between the upper andlower heads, as shown in Fig. l. The upper head, 3, is provided with aprojecting` rim, 7, which is adapted to rest on the ledge e', and thusform a sufficiently tightjoint to confine the cold within the carrierand prevent any wasteful escape of cold air, as will be understood. Abar or iiange, 8, extends across the upper head, 3, to stiii'en thesame, and the ends of the two suspending cords or chains r, as seen inFigs. l and 2, are connected thereto, which cords pass up on the outsideof the guiderods l, thence run over the outside of the pul ley, andtheir opposite ends run down from the center of the pulley through thering 7c and connect with the counter-weight between the on the outsideof the guiderods and the other ends run clear of each other on theinside of the guide-rods, as will be understood. It will therefore beseen that, by this suspended and counterbalance arrangement of thecarrier in the refrigerator, by pulling the cords o one way or theother, the carrier may be easily run up or down in the refrigerator, sothat it' the carrier is lowered to its refrigeratin g position in thebase or cooling chamber of the refrigerator, as shown by full lines inFig. l, it may, when required, by opening the closetdoorf' and seizingthe cords r, be readily raised to a level with the closet-door, asindicated by dotted lines, thus allowing any article to be convenientl yplaced in or removed from the carrier, after which the carrier can beagain 'lowered into the cooling chamber. Hence by this means, while therefrigerating-chamber is in the cool cellar, the carrier orfood-receptacle is brought into convenient reach on the basement-licorwithout the necessity of goinginto The pulley-block, asI

the cellar, and the important advantage is ohtained that therefrigerating-chamber is sunk or embedded in the earth below thecellardoor, where the temperature is of course always much less than theatmosphere, and which is always a great non-conductor of heat, so thatan efficient cooling effect is thus obtained and great economy in theuse of ice is accomplished. For example, I find that the temperature ofthe earth below the cellar-bottom is on the average of from 30O to 400less than the outer air in summer, which very important difference Itake advantage of in my refrigerator, and I iind by actual experimentthat where twenty pounds of ice inclosed in an ordinary refrigeratorplaced in one of the upper rooms ot'. a house, where the atmospherictemperature was 600 to C, would last three days, the same amount of iceplaced in my refrigerator, eighteen inches below the earth of thecellar-floor, where the temperature was found to be 390, lasted ninedays, the temperature ot the air in the cellar being at the same time450, thus showing a great saving of ice. In fact, when the temperatureof the earth is low, or where the cellar is very cool, and where muchcooling is not desired, the use'of ice may be dispensed with during agreat part of the time in which it is necessaryin ordinaryrefrigerators,t`or the earth will in my improved refrigerator furnishsufficient cold, where a good deep and cold cellar is available for itslocation. In houses which can have no cellar on account'of springs nearthe surface, the base of my improved refrigerator may then be sunk inthe spring-water or springing earth to any desired depth, the waste-piped bein g ofcourse closed or led to a lower` level than the rise of thesprings, as will be understood.

Referring to Figs. 5, 3, and l, it will be noted that the pulley-blockis provided with pintles a zat top and bottoni,which pivot'in the hangert', and thus allow the pulley, as wellas the suspended carrier, to beturned horizontally or rotated about half a revolution one way or theother, thereby permitting the carrier to be slit'- ticiently rotatedwhen raised in front of the closet-door so as to bring all sides of thecarrier within easy reach. When the carriage is raised into top of thecloset it may be there held in front of the door while the articles arebeing inserted or removed by allowing a spring-l tongue, t, projectingfrom the carrier to catch over the ring k, and there locking the tongueby inserting the key u inthe slot in the head through which the tongueprojects. yWhen it is desired to lower the carrier the key may beremoved, thus allowing the catch to become disengaged, as will beunderstood.

The weight o should be about equal to the carrier with its average load,and when the load is less than the average movable weights may be placedin the head of the carrier, so that the rim 7 will remain firmly seatedon the ledge e when the carrier is lowered, as will be appreciated.

In some cases it'may be desirable to have ICO IZO

door, the construction being otherwise the saine as shown in Fig. 1,which will of course vsecure many of the advantages of my inven- .v

tion and obtain a cool place or surrounding for therefrigerating-chamber-viz., the air of the cellar-but not of course ascool as if embedded in the earth below the floor.

What I claim is- 1. In a refrigerator, the food-receptacle p, formed asdescribed, and provided with a hollow shaft, through which rods l freelypass, said receptacle adapted to move vertically and turn horizontallyon said guidefrods Z, substantiallyas shown and specified.

2. In a refrigerating structurethe combination of a series of centralguide-rods forming upon their inside guides for the'central iiutedweight, o, and upon their outside guides for the surrounding movablefood-receptacle, with the connecting-ropes r and pulleys s,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. Thecombination, with a cellar-Hoor orsimilar earthy bed, of theretrigerating-chalnbers de, placed in or on the same, the casing g,rissection inwardlyenlarged, for the purpose described, and closet f,erected around the same,

with a door, f', insaid closet above said door, and a second door, g',in said casing g above the cellar-door, with a movable food-receptaclearranged to run up and down in the refrigerator from said closet-door tothe refrigeratingchamber inthe cellar, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

4. The combination, with a refrigeratingchamber having inwardly-slopingbottom with central orifice placed on or inthe door ofthe cellar, cfashaft or casing rising therefrom, a movable tubular food-carrierarranged to run up and down thereon, with central guides, around whichsaid tubular food-carrier runs, and acentral counter-balance movinginwardly against said guides, from which the carrier issuspended,substantially as herein shown and described.

Witnesses:

JOHN ONDERDONK,

ETTA E. ONDERDONK.

JEssE M. CLOCK. y

